· New energy vehicles face the risk of hollowing out key components

The reporters learned in interviews in Beijing, Shanghai, Tianjin, Shenzhen and other places that in China, some parts and technologies have been localized in motor drive and control systems, and they have a number of independent property rights. However, it still faces the risk of “hollowing” key components. IGBT (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor), chip, film capacitor, high-performance magnet and other key components and materials rely mainly on foreign technology and resources. At the same time, there is still a certain gap between the peak power density of the motor and the power density of the controller and the international benchmark products. There is also a certain distance from the integrated integration capability of the motor, gearbox and high voltage controller.
The level of integration of the electric drive system directly affects the performance of the power energy system and the battery cycle life. Under this circumstance, China's new energy vehicle manufacturers urgently need to give directions to the production of parts and components enterprises, in order to promote the technical level of parts and components enterprises. At the same time, experts suggest that third-party regulatory functions must be strengthened to ensure that companies strictly enforce national standards.
Long-term dependence on key equipment and materials. Shanghai Electric Drive Co., Ltd., which was announced by the Shenzhen Stock Exchange listed company in mid-year, was established in 2008. It has been committed to the research and development of new energy vehicle motor drive systems. Energy-driven passenger cars, commercial vehicles, special vehicles, etc., the company has now become the industry's leading supplier of new energy vehicle drive system solutions.
Gong Jun, general manager of the national 863 plan for energy-saving and new-energy vehicles, and general manager of Shanghai Electric Drive Co., Ltd. said, “Many domestic enterprises still need to import key power electronic components that are urgently needed.”
“Taking the shaft connecting the motors as an example, companies need to invest more than 20 million yuan to purchase equipment from Germany to produce.” A well-known domestic motor manufacturer chairman told reporters.
At the same time, enterprises must also introduce technology or equipment from abroad in various precision equipment such as high-speed motor reduction gears and high-speed precision bearings. “Our Chinese own production companies, such as some auto parts and joint ventures, are 'checkout machines' plus 'narcotics'. What multinational automakers make what they create, without mastering the core technology.” A new energy auto industry Senior person said.
In addition, in the electric vehicle control system, the controller basic hardware, development tools, etc. basically rely on imports. At present, all manufacturers basically master the development technology of vehicle controllers, but the level is uneven, which leads to a certain gap between China's controller hardware level and foreign countries, and the industrialization capability is relatively insufficient.
Ning Guobao, chief technology officer of Tianjin Songzheng Automotive Technology Co., Ltd., told reporters that in terms of electronic control, China's electronic device packaging is basically in the laboratory research stage, and high-voltage contactors and IGBT modules are still monopolized by foreign countries.
In December 2000, Shenzhen Wuzhoulong Automobile Co., Ltd. established an electric vehicle R&D center to vigorously promote the localization of electric vehicle control systems, and already owned a number of independent property rights. However, Deng Xianquan, director of the company's electric vehicle R&D center, told reporters that "in addition to circuit boards, controllers, etc., they can still produce their own chips."
Insufficient reliability and low level of system integration. Interviews learned that due to the fact that China's electric vehicles are in the stage of R&D and demonstration of prototype vehicles, the basic database is not perfect, which affects the design level of vehicle controllers. Motor controllers involving automotive power electronics are lagging behind international standards, but are basically self-owned brands with lower requirements and lower reliability.
At present, the reliability and environmental adaptability of domestic motor drive systems are insufficient. Gong Jun said that the technical index of China's drive motor is similar to the international level. The power density of the motor can reach 2.68KW/KG, and the high-efficiency area of ​​the motor system is further widened. The highest efficiency of the system is over 94%. However, there are still many challenges. There are more than 70,000 new energy vehicles running on the road in China, which needs further improvement in reliability and durability.
At the same time, it is more important that although domestic enterprises can complete the hardware structure design of the vehicle controller, due to the weak integration of China's chip, the manufacturing capability is poor, and there is still much room for improvement in reliability and stability. Some insiders told reporters that there are few manufacturers in China that can mass-produce electronic modules used in new energy vehicles. Because of the design, manufacturing, and mass production, automotive industrial electronic chips and modules often require a four to six year production cycle. Therefore, the same kind of manufacturers are the first to do relatively simple consumer electronics products, and after years of accumulated technical experience, they can start production.
In addition, most of the application software of electric vehicle control systems in China currently stay in the function realization, software diagnosis function, vehicle safety control strategy and monitoring function have to be optimized and improved. Yu Ping, chairman of Jingjin Electric, a leading domestic motor manufacturer, said: "Multinational companies such as Mercedes-Benz and BMW have great advantages in automotive software. They have been leading us for five to ten years in functional safety standards. They are all The designer of the technical standards. After we bought the computer to develop the software, we also need to provide funds to support software development.
Experts should be established to establish a benign technical evaluation mechanism. The state should create a level playing field and strengthen scientific research on basic devices that have a large demand in the future market. At the same time, establish and improve the standard implementation and evaluation mechanism for new energy vehicles, and encourage enterprises to acquire overseas advanced technologies.
First of all, we must increase scientific and technological research for future market demand. Gong Jun believes that the key to China's auto industry from big to strong is inseparable from key components. First of all, the national policy level should pay attention to, strengthen the top-level design, take the enterprise or industry alliance as the main body, lay out key common technology and process research, and solve the deep level. Technical Difficulties. At the same time, through the docking of different major projects or industry alliances, breakthrough upstream key components, key materials and special equipment.
Secondly, Chinese automakers should further improve the market positioning of new energy auto products and guide parts and components enterprises to produce products that meet the requirements of the whole vehicle. “There is a gap between the OEM and the battery, motor and electric control factory. They are simply assembled and do not take into account mutual consistency.” Lin Cheng, deputy director of the National Engineering Laboratory for Electric Vehicles, believes that parts must meet For the requirements of the whole vehicle, the automobile manufacturer should give directions to the production of the parts and components to drive the improvement of the technical level of the parts and components enterprises. At the same time, the state should encourage domestic vehicle manufacturers to adopt domestic motor drive and control systems. The motor drive and control systems use domestic raw materials for processing and continuously improve the new energy vehicle production chain.
Furthermore, in terms of capacity building, the state gives key support to component companies and concentrates on supporting projects, technologies and products with industrial competitiveness. Shenzhen Basba Technology Development Co., Ltd. is the only manufacturer in China that provides core components for BMW's pure electric vehicles. Chairman of the Board of Directors Lin Guojun said that the state should provide financial support to the parts and components manufacturers. In the early stage, it is necessary to focus on the innovative enterprises with advantages, to form a leading role for leading enterprises, and to support 2-3 basic enterprises to become stronger and bigger.
In addition, it is necessary to strengthen the supervision function of third-party institutions and establish a benign evaluation mechanism. Yan Xinming, head of Shenzhen Dadi Electric Co., Ltd. believes that although the state has set strict access and production standards for new energy vehicles, the evaluation mechanism of related technologies is ineffective, some of the car companies are weak in technology, and product quality is full of loopholes. The state shall play the supervisory role of third-party institutions and strictly implement the production and technical standards of new energy vehicles.
In addition to the above suggestions made by the industry, many people in the industry have looked forward to the acquisition of China's new energy industry chain companies. However, Yu Ping also said that although the state encourages enterprises to go abroad to acquire advanced enterprises in the relevant industrial chain, Chinese enterprises need to overcome difficulties in management level, digestive capacity and certain core technical equipments being regulated by European and American countries.

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