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Energy supply is the basis for the development of science and technology and one of the indicators of economic efficiency. In order for the country to achieve four modernizations, it is necessary to solve the basic problems of energy in order to make the national economy develop more rapidly.
As early as 200 years ago, people felt that the resources on the earth were inexhaustible and inexhaustible. It has huge coal seams and oil layers, large forests, and abundant fresh water resources that will always serve humanity. However, with the rapid development of industry, the population on the earth has gradually increased, and natural resources have begun to dry up. The more industrial production develops, the more demand for raw materials and energy, and oil and natural gas can now meet more than two-thirds of global power demand. Although the traditional resources on the planet are still abundant, new mineral resources are still being developed. However, there will always be a day when it will run out. Now some countries have felt the lack of power, especially since the world energy crisis in the 1970s, saving energy in production, reducing energy consumption, improving work efficiency, and increasingly paying attention to humanity.
In addition, it can destroy the ecological environment, leading to natural disasters, which are threatening human survival. Therefore, the research and discussion of scientists should not rely mainly on the shortage of natural resources such as land and oil, but should maximize the inexhaustible new energy and save energy to improve work efficiency, reduce pollution to the environment, and will serve humanity forever. It is the purpose of this study.
First, the efficiency and energy loss of the hydraulic system of the grinding machine is an important aspect of energy conservation. According to statistics, almost 1/2 to 1/3 of the total energy used in the technical fields of the world is lost during the energy conversion process. However, as the machine tool hydraulic system, the driving efficiency is 40%, and 60% of the converted power is converted into heat energy and consumed. This shows that there is still a lot of room for energy saving in the hydraulic system of the machine tool. Low efficiency indicates a large energy loss. In order to achieve energy efficiency, it is first necessary to know how energy is consumed in the hydraulic system of the machine tool. Mainly due to leakage caused by leakage and other mechanical losses caused by friction between the surface of the surface, the commonly used gear pump efficiency n total = 0.6-0. For the plug pump, its total efficiency is nothing but H total = 0. Therefore, the oil pump causes energy consumption during operation and reduces work efficiency.
The oil in the hydraulic system of the grinding machine flows through the pipeline system to generate pressure loss and consume energy, which reduces the efficiency. It includes the loss of straight pipe along the pipeline, partial pressure loss and pressure loss when flowing through hydraulic components such as valves. This results in energy consumption and reduced efficiency.
The mechanical loss of the cylinder piston during operation, the leakage loss at the seal, thereby reducing the mechanical working efficiency, and the energy consumption. It is well known that the hydraulic transmission system is an energy transmission system, and energy is inevitably lost during the transmission process. However, the hydraulic pressure of the grinding machine In the system, there are various pressure loss, volume loss and mechanical loss. These losses cause total energy loss, and most of them are converted into heat energy, which causes the oil to heat up and the temperature rise, and the transmission system efficiency is too low. After the oil temperature rises, a series of "complications" are caused, which have adverse consequences, the oil deteriorates, the viscosity decreases, the leakage increases, the flow rate of the throttle valve increases, the grinding machine generates thermal deformation, and sometimes even causes the thermal expansion coefficient in the hydraulic component. Different moving element gaps become smaller and get stuck, which does not guarantee the normal operation of the grinding machine.
Second, the main measures for high-efficiency and energy-saving of the hydraulic system of the grinding machine According to the energy loss of the hydraulic system of the grinding machine, corresponding high-efficiency energy-saving measures can be formulated.
1. Improve the efficiency of the power unit of the hydraulic system of the grinding machine, reduce the energy consumption, and improve the work efficiency. The hydraulic equipment of the general grinding machine is separated from the power machine. This not only has a large structure, but also low efficiency and increases energy consumption. To this end, in the hydraulic equipment of the grinding machine, the hydraulic pump and the power machine can be combined into one, which will be a powerful means to improve the working efficiency of the hydraulic equipment, simplifying the structure and reducing the volume. It is the straight loss of the oil pump shaft.
1. In the hydraulic system of the grinding machine, the oil pump used in the hydraulic system of the oil pump grinder is inserted into the electric motor and formed into a main shaft of the drive, thereby making a hydraulic pump source of the hydraulic pump and the electric motor. The power density of the power unit can be increased, the volume is reduced, and the power is greatly improved.
2. Design a new hydraulic system or improve the hydraulic system to form an efficient system that reduces energy consumption. Such as: 1) If the hydraulic system uses the quantitative pump + proportional valve pressure matching system, and the system efficiency can be increased by 30%, as shown in the quantitative pump + proportional valve pressure matching system 2) when the hydraulic system uses variable pump + proportional throttle Valve, variable pump + proportional directional valve, multi-pump (quantitative pump) + proportional throttle relief valve, its system efficiency can be improved 28~ control the leakage of the hydraulic equipment of the grinding machine, the leakage in the hydraulic system of the grinding machine, it not only affects the hydraulic system The energy loss, but also accelerate the wear and tear of the components of the hydraulic system, waste energy, pollute the environment, and directly affect the overall cost of the enterprise. Therefore, we must conscientiously implement the eight-character policy of controlling the leakage of the hydraulic system of the grinding machine, that is, the block and multi-stage sealing, and at the same time improve the processing quality and chrome quality of the hydraulic cylinder and the piston rod. The inlet and outlet pipes are directly connected by a tapered thread, and a combination seal is used to prevent leakage and the like.
Improve the cleanliness of hydraulic oil, purification and treatment of used hydraulic oil according to incomplete statistics, more than 70% of hydraulic system failure is caused by oil pollution. Practice has proved that all the hydraulic system oil pollution control is emphasized. At this time, the wear of the components of the hydraulic components is reduced, and the life and reliability will be doubled, which saves energy and reduces costs. As for the purification treatment technology of the recirculating hydraulic oil, it is not within the scope of this article and will not be described.
New control elements are used in the hydraulic system of the grinding machine and its manufacturing precision is improved. Such as "two-way cartridge valve (cone valve) *, "ball logic valve" and other new control components, it plays an important role in energy saving, improve work efficiency, extend the life of hydraulic components, reduce leakage.
Reasonable design of automatic cycle cycle table If the hydraulic system of the grinding machine is operated by several cylinders, then the operation sequence and action time of the cylinder should be used to meet the production process conditions, so that the power of the oil pump can be effectively applied. The specific method is: according to the production process and requirements of the machine tool, as well as the analysis and calculation of the load and required power of each cylinder. However, it should be noted that the internal friction of the hydraulic system should be minimized, and the output power of the system should be increased so that the required system power variation within a working cycle is not excessive, the internal energy consumption is avoided, and the power required for each cylinder is required. According to its size, the action of the cylinder is reasonably matched with the same procedure. At the same time, the change of the total energy of the system is not too large, and the movement of some cylinders can be crossed. At this time, a work cycle table can be designed, which stipulates the operation sequence, time, and cycle time of each cylinder, which contributes to the improvement of production efficiency.
The hydraulic circuit of the hydraulic system of the grinding machine should be replaced by the tubular structure by using the integrated block structure (no tube), which can make the hydraulic system of the grinding machine compact and beautiful, easy to install, reduce leakage, etc., and reduce the hydraulic system of the grinding machine. The flow resistance of the oil circuit avoids energy loss.
The use of high-efficiency and energy-saving hydraulic system can slightly increase the manufacturing cost of the equipment, but it can save a lot of energy consumption in the long-term use of the equipment, which greatly reduces the use cost of the equipment, is conducive to the improvement of product competitiveness, and its social and economic benefits. It is considerable. Therefore, it is economically reasonable and technically feasible.
However, although the above is the main measure for high efficiency and energy saving of the grinding machine hydraulic system, for a certain type of grinding machine hydraulic system, the corresponding high efficiency and energy saving measures should be selected according to the working conditions and load of the machine. Due to the limited space of this paper, the specific measures for high efficiency and energy saving of a certain hydraulic system of grinding machine cannot be elaborated.
Third, open source and throttling - energy development, energy recovery 1. Grinding machine hydraulic system uses high water-based hydraulic oil.
The more rapid the industrial production is now, the more traditional energy is extracted, the fewer resources are left, and the cost of acquisition is becoming more and more expensive. Therefore, the world faces an urgent task of opening up inexhaustible new energy. The hydraulic oil used in the hydraulic system of the grinding machine is an important energy source in the hydraulic system. It not only acts as a working medium for transferring energy, but also plays a role in lubricating the moving parts and protecting the metal from corrosion. However, its quality and its performance will directly affect the work of the hydraulic system. Therefore, under the current international oil resources shortage, vigorously promote the use of high-water-based hydraulic oil that is safe, reliable, cheap, and less polluted. High-water-based hydraulic oil, which is 95% water and 5% oil-resistant hydraulic oil. Widely used in underground pits and hydraulic systems with high requirements for fire protection. However, it is necessary to design a corresponding matching hydraulic component to have a broad application prospect.
(Continued on page 44), the resulting mold is excellent.
The performance index of silicone rubber mold mainly includes four aspects: (1) flatness, tested by flatness tester. (2) Uniformity, tested with a 100% UV lamp or electron microscope. (3) Dimensional accuracy, tested with a line width tester. (4) Curing shrinkage of the surface of the silicone rubber mold, using an electron microscope to test JVacsciTechnolB, 1998.1611: 88-97 Shen Wenzheng et al. Use the integrated circuit process manual. Aerospace Publishing House, 1978: Bao Zhisu. Universal soft mold making technology. Enterprise Technology Development, 1997: Tang Tingwei. Facing the 21st century microelectronics development forecast and some key technology introductions. The first seminar on semiconductor and integrated circuit yield, Wang Yangyuan and Zhang Xing in November 1997. Prospects for microelectronics in the 21st and 1999. Electronic Technology Guide (continued from page 29) Another way to save energy in the hydraulic system of an accumulator circuit grinder is to recycle energy, which is also a problem worthy of attention.
For example, if the hydraulic system of the grinding machine is equipped with a flywheel or an accumulator, better efficiency can be obtained, and the power of the equipment can be effectively reduced. As shown, an accumulator is used to increase the flow of the hydraulic system. Otherwise, it is necessary to use a large flow oil pump and a larger drive motor, which will increase the production cost of the enterprise and affect the economic benefits.
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