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Since the implementation of the National 3 emission standards, there are currently three main engines that can meet the country's three emission standards. One is an electronically controlled common-rail engine, one is an electronically controlled single-pump engine, and the other is an electronically-controlled EGR engine. Where is the engine difference?
The electronic unit pump system is a modular, time-controlled single-cylinder high-pressure pump system. The fuel injection start point and fuel injection amount are determined by the closing time and the closing time of the solenoid valve respectively, and can reach an injection pressure of 2000 bar . The electronically controlled monomer pump system is fully equipped with the technical capabilities to meet current and future emission limits and maintain low fuel consumption.
Electronically controlled monomer pump technology features : Most European Euro III Euro IV commercial vehicles use electronically controlled monomer pump system, electronically controlled monomer pump technology plus mechanical fuel injectors can reach Euro III emission standards; upgrade from Europe III To Euro IV, by replacing the electronically controlled fuel injectors, there is no need to make large-scale modifications to the structure of the engine; the engine structure of the original mechanical fuel injection system is changed little, and the same components such as the same body and cylinder head can be shared; after-sales maintenance Convenience and low parts replacement cost; high injection pressure: can meet the high-pressure injection required for Euro III and Euro IV emissions (the latest single pump injection pressure has reached 2500bar ), which greatly improves fuel economy and improves in-cylinder Degree of purification; fuel injection law is firstly reduced and then urgent, meets the requirements of ideal heat release law, which is beneficial to reducing emission and combustion noise; strong oil supply capability: independent control of each cylinder can be performed. It is especially suitable for heavy-duty diesel engines with large power; for medium-to-heavy duty, system components are more mature than common-rail systems due to differences in the characteristics of internal structures. Compared to the common rail system, the single pump system has relatively low requirements on fuel quality, sensitivity to moisture is much better than that of the common rail system, there is no potential safety hazard caused by continuous injection of high pressure sources, and the discharge stability is good. The system components are maturer than the common rail system and have long service life; the maintenance cost is low: single-cylinder components can be replaced, the cost of the mechanical injector is lower than that of the electronically controlled injector, and the cylinder balance control strategy provides good cylinders Consistency control, single-pump engine self-tuning strategy to ensure the production of consistency control, electronic control system self-learning, self-diagnosis strategy to ensure the consistency of life-time performance control.
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EGR technology, the exhaust gas recirculation technique i.e., the portion of the exhaust cycle it is mixed with the fresh air intake duct into the cylinder combustion to increase heat capacity of the gas mixture, reducing the maximum combustion temperature to suppress the generation of NOx. To achieve the lowest NOx in the exhaust gas. In order to achieve the three national standards.
Characteristics of EGR ; fuel injection system is similar to the structure of the original State II mechanical injection pump , easy maintenance and maintenance , operating costs are greatly reduced , oil adaptability is good : the current national general-purpose diesel can be applied , suitable for national conditions , lower base maintenance and repair costs , users reduce the cost of fault diagnosis system fully functional, easy to operate, can accurately determine the electrical control system failures, simplify the repair process convenient service..: More than 95 % of EGR engine parts can be interchanged with the national II machine , which is easy to maintain and maintain, reduce maintenance waiting time , and reduce maintenance costs.
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Electronically controlled high pressure common rail technology refers to a technology that separates injection pressure generation and injection from each other in a closed loop system consisting of a high pressure oil pump, a common rail, a pressure sensor, and an ECU . High pressure fuel is delivered to the Rails, through the closed-loop control of the oil pressure in the common rail, the injection pressure is independently adjustable. At present, 1800 bar injection pressure can be achieved.
The characteristics of the electronically controlled high pressure common rail system : For light vehicles, the system components are mature and have long-term use assessment and verification, medium-sized mature; but the service life of heavy-duty diesel engines has not been verified. The structure is simple and easy to install. The common rail oil pressure is independent of the engine speed control, the vehicle control function is strong, and it can meet the requirements of light vehicles; the pre-spray technology can reduce the idle noise; the initial injection rate of the common rail system is too high and does not meet the needs of the diesel engine the emergency law is not conducive to emission control; generation common rail injection pressure of 1350 ~ 1450bar, the second generation do 1600bar, in general, lower than the single pump and pump nozzle, so there is a disadvantage in fuel consumption; multiple injections can be achieved At present, the best common rail system can carry out 6 injections; the common rail system has good flexibility, but it is bound to bring difficulties in matching work. The time and level of technicians determine that the use of a system that is too flexible in China at a certain stage will not necessarily achieve the desired effect; multiple injections, especially after-spray capability, make the common-rail system engine particularly easy to cope with the post-processing system. Possibility of Euro IV and Euro V emission regulations; poor adaptability of fuel oil (water and ash impurities), high requirements for users' use conditions, especially complex control systems and control strategies. Challenges for vehicle manufacturers, users, and after-sales maintenance Parts replacement costs are high, especially electronically controlled injectors and electronically controlled fuel injection pumps;
For now, the technology of the most critical fuel injection system among the single pump and high-pressure common-rail engine that can meet China's three emission standards is currently monopolized by a few foreign companies such as Bosch, Denso, and Delphi. However, these three international suppliers could not meet the needs of domestic diesel engine companies in the short term. Although domestic oil pump plants are developing autonomous electronically controlled injection systems, they are still technically immature. The threshold of EGR technology is not high and can be detached from the country's three emission levels, and the cost is lower by tens of thousands. This is also the current development of EGR in China . the reason.
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