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With the rapid development of the economy and the development of the automobile industry, the annual production of used tires in China has increased sharply at a rate of 8% to 10%, becoming a new type of pollution. According to a statistic, by 2020, China's waste tire production will reach 20 million tons. The increasing "black pollution" has added to China's already fragile ecological environment, so the "black pollution" caused by the treatment of used tires cannot be delayed. However, in the face of such a large number of used tires, how to achieve waste?
status quo
China's waste tire production is the world's number one
According to statistics from the Ministry of Environmental Protection, as of the end of 2014, China's motor vehicle ownership reached 264 million, including 154 million vehicles, and motorists exceeded 300 million. The relevant person in charge of the Traffic Management Bureau of the Ministry of Public Security introduced that with the sustained and rapid development of the economy and society, the rigid demand for car purchases is strong, and the number of car ownership in China will continue to show a rapid growth trend. However, with the popularity of automobiles, garbage such as used tires has gradually increased. It is reported that China's tire production has been in the forefront of the world for 10 consecutive years, and the annual production of used tires is also the world's first. Industry insiders predict that China's waste rubber and waste tires will be produced more and more. According to incomplete statistics, in 2013, the amount of used tires in China has reached 299 million, and the weight has reached 10.8 million tons and is about 8% per year. -10% speed is growing.
On the one hand, it is a huge increase in tire production data, on the other hand, it is a safety accident and pollution problem of used tires that cause headaches. In recent years, safety accidents caused by used tires have been reported frequently. The long-term accumulation of used tires is very likely to cause fires and easily cause secondary pollution. It is conceivable that in China, which ranks among the world's foremost tires, the hidden dangers of used tires are self-evident. Scientifically and effectively disposing of used tires has become a hot topic in the industry in recent years.
It is easy to breed diseases and cause fires.
harm
In recent years, as the problem of tire pollution has become more and more prominent, people's attention to "black pollution" caused by used tires has gradually increased. It is understood that in addition to the production of waste gas, waste water and other pollution in the production process, the rapid increase in the number of tires is causing serious "black pollution" on the earth, posing great challenges to environmental protection.
According to professionals, used tires are wastes that require a lot of environmental space and are difficult to compress, collect and eliminate. Because of the uncertainty of the time required for the decomposition of old tires, they are not biodegradable, and their composition includes some dangerous elements such as lead, chromium, cadmium and other heavy metals. If disposed and managed improperly, it will cause human health and the environment. Threat.
In addition, the accumulation of more and more used tires for long-term open-air storage will not only occupy a large amount of land resources, but also easily breed mosquito-borne diseases, seriously deteriorate the natural environment, and may cause fires, threatening people's lives and property safety. In some areas, used tires are used as fuel, and serious pollution keeps the surrounding grass from growing. Due to the special structure and composition, the waste tires stacked in the open air are difficult to control and extinguish once they are ignited, and generate a lot of smoke and toxic pollutants, which seriously pollute the environment and threaten human health. For example, the Hegersville fire in Ontario, Canada, lasted for 17 hours, with 12.6 million tires burnt, 1,700 people being evacuated, a large amount of oil infiltrated into the soil, and nearby rivers were also contaminated with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. The damage caused is hard to estimate.
Why is the recycling of used tires not enough?
Quest
China is a rubber-consuming country. According to statistics, in 2011, the country consumed 230,000 tons of rubber, ranking second in the world. The annual production of rubber products is about 460,000 tons, and the amount of waste rubber produced is about 180,000 tons, of which more than 6% are used tires. At present, about 90,000 tons of various waste rubbers are recycled, and the recycling rate is 5%, which is 3-4 percentage points lower than the foreign advanced level. At present, nearly 5% of used rubber is not recycled, of which waste tires account for about 2%, long-term stacking, difficult to degrade, and become a source of "black pollution."
The use of waste tires in China is mainly to produce recycled rubber, tire renovation, and production of vulcanized rubber powder. More than 8% of these enterprises are small and medium-sized enterprises, which cannot form a scale and have low market competitiveness. Most of the retreading enterprises have low equipment levels, weak technical strength, and incomplete test equipment, which has further affected the quality of retreaded tires.
In addition, since the recycling of used tires is a semi-public welfare undertaking, the added value of processed products is low, and the waste tire resources in China are sporadicly dispersed, and the recycling, processing and transportation costs are high, and the personnel and debts formed by historical reasons are heavy. The economic benefits are poor, most enterprises have serious losses, production and operation are difficult to sustain, and the development of waste tire recycling industry is at a low level.
To deal with "black pollution", it is a recognized environmental problem in the world to use legislation to solve the problem of how to deal with used tires.
Yuan Zhongxue, deputy director of the National People's Congress and the National Rubber and Tire Engineering Technology Research Center, believes that the recycling of used tires has to be raised to the height of ecological civilization construction, and efforts should be made to solve environmental pollution problems and limited rubber resources. Make full use of it, especially to develop legal standards as soon as possible to promote the recycling of rubber resources.
Yuan Zhongxue suggested that the waste tire treatment fee should be levied first in the tire production or sales process, which can emulate the practice of producer extension responsibility system generally adopted in western developed countries. Secondly, a strict licensing system for the transportation, storage, handling and reuse of waste tires is introduced, and policies are introduced to encourage standardized tire recycling enterprises to enter the field of waste tire recycling, and to provide certain subsidies to improve formal enterprises through economic leverage. Engaged in the recycling industry. Thirdly, the introduction of policies encourages tire refurbishment companies to provide tire management and services to car owners, extend tire service life, reduce the production of waste tires, ensure the quality of refurbished carcass from the source, and resolutely ban small-scale refinery plants to improve environmental violations. cost.
Where are the waste tires from abroad?
Used as fuel in many countries in the United States, Japan and Europe, many cement plants, power plants, paper mills, steel mills, etc. use waste tires as fuel, which is very effective, not only reduces production costs, but also cures used tires. Environmental problems caused.
The original restructuring of the United States produces 250 million pieces of used tires each year, and 5 to 6 million pieces of used tires can be turned into waste through the original restructuring. The bead ring of the used tire is separated from the tire body by the original shape modification, and then the tire body is cut into strips of different sizes according to the need, and the rubber strip is woven into an elastic protective net, an anti-collision wall, a non-slip mat, etc., for Construction and blasting sites block flying stones, protect docks, and temporarily reinforce road surfaces. The bead cut from the used tire can also be processed into a sewage pipe.
Built in the sound-absorbing wall in France, the technicians cut the used tires into two symmetrical halves, then stacked them at a 20-degree angle to facilitate drainage, and then used a metal grille as a fire shield on the wall cover, which built a green sound-absorbing wall. And the sound absorption effect is excellent.
The electromagnetic impact method developed by Ukrainian scientists again uses the action of an electromagnetic field to form a pulsed magnetic field inside the used tire to separate the rubber in the tire from the metal. The separated rubber and tire wire retain their original characteristics and functions and can be used again to produce tires. In addition, the use of this method also shortens the cycle of disposing of used tires. The latest news, the recently launched waste tire CCER project, waste tires and asphalt mixed together for paving.
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