Massachusetts Institute of Technology and South Korea's Samsung researchers made breakthroughs in the study of electrolyte materials. They found a new type of solid electrolyte material that addresses the wide range of issues in capacity, volume, lifetime and safety of traditional Li-ion batteries in one go and promises to create a battery that is both superior in performance and safer in durability.
Open up smart devices that are ubiquitous today - be it in cell phones, laptops, or electric cars, where you'll find the battery takes up a lot of space. In addition to low energy density, short standby time, the traditional battery life there are still limited, improper use can easily lead to fire problems.
In the new study, a team led by Wang Yan, a postdoctoral fellow at Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and Geblande Sedar, a professor of materials and engineering, eschewed popular electrode materials, starting with electrolyte materials and opening up a whole new way. Related papers published in the latest issue of "Nature · Materials" magazine.
After analyzing a variety of materials, the team found that a lithium-ion conductor called a super-ion is a very desirable material. It is a lithium, germanium, phosphorus and sulfur compounds that can replace the electrolyte commonly used in lithium-ion batteries.
Cedar said solid electrolyte will be "a real game changer," a material that will create a perfect battery that will solve most of the current lithium-ion battery problems facing battery life and safety As well as the best balance between costs. The new technology will be applied to a range of products from cell phones to electric cars in the future.
Common battery electrolyte is usually a liquid organic solvent, its function is to charge and discharge batteries during the transport of charged ions between the poles, the vast majority of lithium-ion battery-related fires are related to this. Among the batteries, lithium itself is relatively stable and not easy to burn. Solid electrolyte can completely avoid this problem.
In addition, solid electrolytes have other advantages: for example, more energy is stored in the same footprint, energy densities can be increased by 20% to 30%; there is almost no degradation reaction, which means more than a few dozen can continue to be used Million cycles; this battery will not be too sensitive to temperature, even in extreme low temperature conditions can work properly.
to sum up
Lithium battery is already a mature power, but its potential remains to be tapped. Electrolyte is the biggest bottleneck, but also a variety of new lithium battery breakthrough. If the new solution works, we'll have phones and electric cars that have double the battery life - safer batteries mean more can be done; and battery scrap will be significantly delayed and the electric car industry will benefit. "
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