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Looking at the major scientific discoveries, it is often because of the invention of new observation methods. Taking the physics Nobel Prize winner as an example, 50% of the work is thanks to the invention of a new instrument or test method. Instrumentation is also an indispensable tool for obtaining, transforming, storing, processing, and revealing material movements. The level of instrumentation and equipment reflects to a large extent the productivity development and modernization level of a country.
First, the development of instrumentation
In the early 1950s, major breakthroughs were made in instrumentation. The emergence of digital technology enabled the introduction of various digital instruments, which improved the precision, resolution, and measurement speed of analog instruments by several orders of magnitude, laying a good foundation for realizing test automation. .
In the mid-1960s, measurement technology made another progress. With the introduction of computers, the functions of the instrument have undergone a qualitative change. From the measurement of individual quantities of electricity to the measurement of characteristic parameters of the entire system, from simple reception and display to control, Analyze, process, calculate, and display output, from measuring with a single instrument to measuring with a measuring system.
In the 1970s, the further penetration of computer technology in instrumentation made electronic instruments outside the traditional time domain and frequency domain, and data domain tests emerged.
In the 80's, as the microprocessor was used in the instrument, the front panel of the instrument began to develop in the direction of the keyboard. In the past, an intuitive rotary dial for adjusting the time base or amplitude, the voltage switch, the sliding switch of the equal range or function, and the like were selected. The disconnect key has disappeared. The main mode of the measurement system is the form of a cabinet, which is all sent to a controller via the IEEE-488 bus. When testing, a rich BASIC language program can be used for high-speed testing. Personal instruments that are different from the traditional independent instrument models have been developed.
In the 1990s, instrumentation and measurement science made further major breakthroughs. The main sign of this progress is the improvement of the degree of intelligence in instrumentation. Outstanding performance in the following areas.
1. Advances in microelectronics technology will have a deeper impact on the design of instrumentation;
2. With the advent of a large number of DSP chips, digital signal processing functions of instrumentation have been greatly enhanced;
3. The development of microcomputers has enabled instrumentation to have stronger data processing capabilities;
4. The increase in image processing capabilities is widespread;
5. VXI bus is widely used.
Second, the characteristics of foreign instrumentation development
1. Application of new technology
At present, EDA (Electronic Design Automation), CAM (Computer Aided Manufacturing), CAT (Computer Aided Testing), DSP (Digital Signal Processing), ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit), and SMT (Surface Mount Technology) are widely used.
2. Product structure change
Focus on performance and price ratio. While attaching importance to the development of high-end equipment, we attach great importance to the development and production of high-tech and large-scale products.
Focusing on system integration, not only focused on stand-alone, but also on system and product softening. With the integration of various types of instruments into the CPU, digitalization has resulted in huge human and financial investment in software. The future instruments are summarized into a simple formula: Instrument = AD/DA + CPU + software, AD chip will change the analog signal into digital signal, and then use software to process the change and then use DA output.
First, the development of instrumentation
In the early 1950s, major breakthroughs were made in instrumentation. The emergence of digital technology enabled the introduction of various digital instruments, which improved the precision, resolution, and measurement speed of analog instruments by several orders of magnitude, laying a good foundation for realizing test automation. .
In the mid-1960s, measurement technology made another progress. With the introduction of computers, the functions of the instrument have undergone a qualitative change. From the measurement of individual quantities of electricity to the measurement of characteristic parameters of the entire system, from simple reception and display to control, Analyze, process, calculate, and display output, from measuring with a single instrument to measuring with a measuring system.
In the 1970s, the further penetration of computer technology in instrumentation made electronic instruments outside the traditional time domain and frequency domain, and data domain tests emerged.
In the 80's, as the microprocessor was used in the instrument, the front panel of the instrument began to develop in the direction of the keyboard. In the past, an intuitive rotary dial for adjusting the time base or amplitude, the voltage switch, the sliding switch of the equal range or function, and the like were selected. The disconnect key has disappeared. The main mode of the measurement system is the form of a cabinet, which is all sent to a controller via the IEEE-488 bus. When testing, a rich BASIC language program can be used for high-speed testing. Personal instruments that are different from the traditional independent instrument models have been developed.
In the 1990s, instrumentation and measurement science made further major breakthroughs. The main sign of this progress is the improvement of the degree of intelligence in instrumentation. Outstanding performance in the following areas.
1. Advances in microelectronics technology will have a deeper impact on the design of instrumentation;
2. With the advent of a large number of DSP chips, digital signal processing functions of instrumentation have been greatly enhanced;
3. The development of microcomputers has enabled instrumentation to have stronger data processing capabilities;
4. The increase in image processing capabilities is widespread;
5. VXI bus is widely used.
Second, the characteristics of foreign instrumentation development
1. Application of new technology
At present, EDA (Electronic Design Automation), CAM (Computer Aided Manufacturing), CAT (Computer Aided Testing), DSP (Digital Signal Processing), ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit), and SMT (Surface Mount Technology) are widely used.
2. Product structure change
Focus on performance and price ratio. While attaching importance to the development of high-end equipment, we attach great importance to the development and production of high-tech and large-scale products.
Focusing on system integration, not only focused on stand-alone, but also on system and product softening. With the integration of various types of instruments into the CPU, digitalization has resulted in huge human and financial investment in software. The future instruments are summarized into a simple formula: Instrument = AD/DA + CPU + software, AD chip will change the analog signal into digital signal, and then use software to process the change and then use DA output.
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