There are many aspects of hydrogen energy utilization, some have already been realized, and some people are striving for it. In order to achieve the goal of clean new energy, the use of hydrogen will be filled with many aspects of human life:
First, relying on hydrogen energy can go to heaven
In 1928, the German company Zeppelin used the huge buoyancy of hydrogen to build the world's first "LZ-127 Zeppelin" airship, the first time to transport people from Germany to South America, to achieve the airborne flight to the Atlantic. After about ten years of operation, the range of more than 160,000 kilometers, so that 13,000 people received the taste of heaven, this is a miracle of hydrogen.
In the 1950s, the United States used liquid hydrogen as a fuel for supersonic and subsonic aircraft, and the B57 twin-engine blaster was modified with a hydrogen engine to achieve hydrogen aircraft. In particular, in 1957, former Soviet astronaut Gagarin took a man-made earth satellite to travel in space and the American spacecraft in 1963. Then, in 1968, the Apollo spacecraft achieved the first human launch on the moon. All of this depends on the contribution of hydrogen fuel. For the 21st century, science, advanced high-speed long-range hydrogen aircraft and spacecraft, the days of commercial operation are not far off. In the past, the dream of the emperor will be realized by modern people.
Second, the use of hydrogen can drive
Hydrogen instead of gasoline is used as fuel for automobile engines. It has been tested by many steam companies such as Japan, the United States, and Germany. The technology is feasible. At present, it is mainly a source of cheap hydrogen. Hydrogen is a highly efficient fuel that produces 33.6 kilowatt-hours of energy per kilogram of hydrogen, which is almost 2.8 times that of a car. Hydrogen combustion not only has a high calorific value, but also has a fast flame propagation speed and a low ignition energy (easy to point), so hydrogen fuel vehicles can be 20% more efficient than gasoline vehicles. Of course, the main product of hydrogen combustion is water, with very little nitrogen oxides, and absolutely no harmful components such as carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide that are produced when gasoline is burned. Hydrogen cars are the cleanest and most ideal vehicle.
The problem of hydrogen supply for hydrogen vehicles is that metal hydrides are currently used as hydrogen storage materials, and the heat required to release hydrogen can be provided by engine cooling water and exhaust heat. There are now two types of hydrogen vehicles, one is a fully hydrogen-burning car, and the other is a hydrogen-doped car that is mixed with hydrogen and gasoline. The engine of a hydrogen-doped vehicle can improve fuel utilization and reduce exhaust pollution with little or no change. Using a car with about 5% hydrogen, the average thermal efficiency can be increased by 15%, saving about 30% of gasoline. Therefore, in recent years, more hydrogen-doped cars have been used, and after the hydrogen can be supplied in large quantities, the fully-burning hydrogen vehicles will be promoted. Germany's Mercedes-Benz has launched a variety of hydrogen-burning cars, including vans, buses, postal vehicles and cars. Taking a hydrogen-burning van as an example, 200 kg of ferrotitanium hydride is used as a fuel tank instead of a 65-liter fuel tank, which can drive more than 130 kilometers. The hydrogen-doped car manufactured by Mercedes-Benz of Germany can be driven on the highway. The hydrogen storage tank used in the car is also a ferrotitanium hydride.
Hydrogen-doped vehicles are characterized by a mixture of gasoline and hydrogen that can operate in a lean, lean area and improve the combustion of the entire engine. In China, the city is crowded with traffic, and the car engine is mostly operated under partial load. It is especially advantageous to use hydrogen-doped cars. In particular, some industrial residual hydrogen (such as synthetic ammonia production) cannot be recycled. If it is used as a hydrogen-doped fuel, its economic and environmental benefits are desirable.
Third, burning hydrogen can generate electricity
Large-scale power stations, whether hydropower, thermal power or nuclear power, send the sent electricity to the grid and deliver it to the users. However, the load of various electricity users is different, and the power grid is sometimes peaked and sometimes low. In order to regulate the peak load, the power grid often needs to start fast and relatively flexible power stations, hydrogen power generation is best suited to steal this role. The hydrogen and oxygen generators are formed by burning with hydrogen and oxygen. This type of unit is a rocket-type internal combustion engine with a generator. It does not require a complicated steam boiler system. Therefore, the structure is simple, the maintenance is convenient, the startup is rapid, and it is required to be opened and opened. When the grid is under low load, it can also absorb excess electricity to electrolyze water to produce hydrogen and oxygen for peak power generation. This adjustment is advantageous for operation with a net. In addition, hydrogen and oxygen can directly change the operating conditions of conventional thermal power generating units and improve the power generation capacity of the power station. For example, oxyhydrogen combustion constitutes a magnetic fluid power generation, and a liquid hydrogen cooling power generation device is used to further increase the power of the unit.
The newer hydrogen energy generation method is a hydrogen fuel cell. This is a device that uses hydrogen and oxygen (by air) to directly generate electrical energy through an electrochemical reaction. In other words, it is also the reverse reaction of hydrogen and oxygen in the water electrolysis cell. Since the 1970s, countries such as Japan and the United States have stepped up research on various fuel cells and have now entered commercial development. Japan has established a 10,000-kilowatt fuel cell power station, and more than 30 manufacturers in the United States are developing fuel cells. Germany, Britain, France, More than 20 companies in the Netherlands, Denmark, Italy and Austria have also invested in fuel cell research. This new type of power generation has attracted worldwide attention.
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