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There are upstream, midstream and downstream industries in all walks of life. Enterprises in the downstream must purchase products upstream. Commercial enterprises need to purchase products from industrial enterprises. Finished products need to purchase products from parts companies. Sometimes, similar companies, for a common purpose, will unite to make purchase requests from upstream companies. This is joint procurement. Joint procurement refers to a procurement model of a procurement alliance formed by multiple enterprises due to the same demand. This model has the advantages of lowering purchase price, saving management costs, saving upfront investment, establishing strategic cooperation, sharing inventory resources, and reducing transportation costs. As a procurement model, it has been widely used at home and abroad.
The procurement strategy alliance model is emerging because the procurement behavior of enterprises is long-term and fixed. In order to achieve the advantages of joint procurement in the long-term, some similar enterprises have reached a certain agreement through equal negotiation, and a certain kind of agreement is established on the basis of this agreement. A long-term fixed organization with binding force, as the main body of the joint procurement behavior of participating enterprises, this organization becomes a procurement strategic alliance. Procurement strategic alliance means that two or more enterprises adopt a long-term joint and cooperative procurement approach in consideration of the expected goals of the entire world market and the overall business objectives of the enterprise. This kind of alliance is spontaneous and non-mandatory. The parties still maintain the independence and autonomy of each company's procurement, and rely on mutual agreement and economic interests to form a loose whole. Internationally, some multinational companies are developing towards procurement strategic alliances in order to make full use of existing economies of scale, reduce procurement costs, and improve the economic efficiency of enterprises.
In China, the most common is the procurement alliance in the commercial sector. For example, the China Supermarket Joint Purchase and Trading Joint Conference was established in 2007. The operating entity is Shanghai Liancai Network Information Technology Co., Ltd., which is a non-profit non-governmental organization that cooperates in the joint procurement transactions between Chinese supermarkets (retail companies). Joint procurement is the platform to promote cooperation between member companies, and give full play to the respective purchasing advantages of member companies to jointly purchase common products. In the past, hospital corruption was widely criticized because hospitals monopolized the sale of medicines, which were not good for pharmaceutical companies, pharmacies and patients. To this end, after 2009, various provincial pharmacy alliances have been established, and many pharmaceutical companies have cooperated closely with the pharmacy alliance. The overall ratio of the alliance has increased from industrial direct procurement to 39, and the alliance's joint procurement price has decreased by an average of 6. Pharmaceutical companies, pharmacies and patients bring benefits. The most influential purchasing alliance in the lighting industry is the China Lighting Sharing Alliance, which consists of distributors. The operating entity is Shanghai Zhongzilian Investment Co., Ltd. The 10th anniversary of the alliance held at the end of last year fully demonstrated the strength of the alliance.
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The procurement alliance infiltrates many lighting products of various industries directly for engineering applications, and the engineering channel is an important circulation channel for the lighting industry. There is also a purchasing alliance in this field, and the influence is constantly expanding. Recently, Zhongzhao Tongming (Beijing) Joint Procurement Service Center announced the announcement of Zhongzhao Tongming Engineering Enterprise Joint Purchasing Lighting Fixtures. Liu Xu, director of the recruitment office of Zhongzhao Tongming Joint Purchasing Service Center, said that the Zhongzhao Tongming Joint Purchasing Service Center was initiated by Zhongzhao Tongming (Beijing) Optoelectronics Technology Co., Ltd. and senior professionals in the lighting industry, and more than 60 engineering companies participated. The enterprise procurement alliance, including lighting engineering enterprises, mechanical and electrical engineering enterprises and architectural decoration engineering enterprises, voluntarily join, freely withdraw, and free of charge.
It is understood that it is quite difficult to organize joint procurement activities in the engineering lighting industry. Due to different construction sites, complicated product procurement categories, and different procurement periods, small and medium-sized lighting engineering companies are more accustomed to decentralized procurement when purchasing products. The disadvantages of decentralized procurement are difficult to obtain. The purchase price of the Group's major customers and the corresponding privileged services, high procurement costs, poor supply quality stability, unstable procurement channels, and many after-sales problems of the project are not conducive to market competition and project maintenance of the project. Therefore, joint procurement in the field of tissue engineering lighting not only needs to deal with these procurement characteristics, but also takes into account the characteristics of market protection of engineering product procurement channels, and truly benefits the purchasing unit and the supply production enterprise. After years of exploration, the Zhongzhao Tongming Joint Purchasing Service Center has introduced the operation mode of Ctrip.com and launched the first joint procurement program in the lighting engineering industry. Zhongzhao Tongming Joint Purchasing Service Center adheres to the principle of openness, fairness, justice and sunshine, and organizes the recruitment of lighting engineering products for a long time, and establishes a stable and high-quality agreement product procurement management library, which facilitates the member procurement unit to purchase the real-time procurement library according to the needs of the project. Select the required products, effectively optimize the procurement channels and procurement costs of each member procurement unit; improve the timeliness and transparency of procurement management of each member unit. The procurement alliance lasted for more than two years. Through multiple rounds of public recruitment, collective evaluation, and field visits, among the hundreds of participating companies (manufacturers), a number of high-quality contracted engineering lighting suppliers were selected for storage. Goods companies can get orders of more than 10 million yuan.
At present, Zhongzhao Tongming Purchasing Alliance is vigorously absorbing engineering companies to join, strengthen and strengthen alliance groups.
There are many kinds of lighting products, different end users, and various distribution channels. Therefore, the channel business model is diverse, and new models may appear, except for China Lighting Sharing Alliance and Zhongzhao Tongming Purchasing Alliance. In the segmentation field, there may be more innovative channel business models to be created, which will reduce the transaction costs of the lighting industry and increase the circulation efficiency, which will promote the application and scale of the lighting industry.
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