Non-metallic mineral functional materials tell you that heavy metal pollution in the soil is not necessarily a bad thing!

Heavy metal soil pollution lead to serious consequences of food contamination is self-evident, but it seems there has been no more effective solution. Today, we will start from non-metallic mineral mineral functional materials to tell you about their great role in soil pollution remediation.

In recent years, the state has attached great importance to the issue of soil pollution. In June 2016, the State Council issued the “Ten Articles”. After that, local governments at all levels issued the “Work Plan for Soil Pollution Prevention and Control”, and the market value of the soil remediation market has reached 4.6. One trillion yuan, but many plots caused by high costs are unprofitable and a major obstacle to the development of the soil remediation industry.

1. Are heavy metals contaminated soil harmful? Not necessarily!

Dr. Chen Ming, a senior researcher at the Institute of Mineral Resources, said: Some soils contaminated with heavy metals are also resources, such as selenium and zinc , which are not only beneficial to the human body, but are now a magic weapon to improve the quality of crops and enhance their value, copper , molybdenum and manganese . Trace elements such as vanadium are also needed for human health.

China has a large part of the heavy metal contaminated sites is harmful and beneficial element distribution of composite soil contamination, such as Gansu white silver factory, Yunnan Jinding, there are many parts of Jiangxi, Hunan, are considered lead-zinc-based pollution.

Generally believed that heavy metals in real detrimental "bad elements" is mainly barium, beryllium, cadmium, mercury, lead, antimony, thallium and uranium and other elements. Other metal elements are not necessarily harmful, but they are also listed as "contaminants" for three reasons: one is that the necessary dose of the human body is unclear; the other is that the safe dose range is narrow and difficult to control; and the third is that the relevant scientific research results are insufficient.

"It is not good for lead to exceed the standard, but it is not a bad thing to have more zinc. Why can't the lead be contained and the zinc left to be used to produce zinc-rich agricultural products?" For this kind of thinking, Chen Ming called it "suppressing Yang." beneficial".

2. How to “lock” soil heavy metals?

Based on the recognition that plants absorb heavy metals through water, chemical reagents can be used to stabilize heavy metals in the soil. Therefore, if heavy metal compounds or salts are insoluble in water, they are difficult to migrate to the food chain and thus have a lower risk of contamination. Good phosphate binding heavy metals, silicates, carbonates and sulfides poorly soluble in water, therefore, the direct use of some scholars phosphates, sulfides, or mixtures thereof as stabilizer.

Then, the soil types vary widely, and the heavy metal pollutants in different plots are also different. How can we achieve “suppression of harm and benefit”, and finally the restored land will be used, even combined with functional agriculture, to become a huge economic benefit. Agricultural resources?

The answer is that non-metallic mineral functional materials such as montmorillonite, illite, kaolinite, etc., can selectively adsorb these heavy metals.

3. How do non-metallic mineral functional materials selectively adsorb heavy metals?

It has been widely recognized by the soil remediation industry for the selective adsorption of heavy minerals by clay minerals. Layered silicate minerals can selectively adsorb certain specific heavy metal ions.

According to the adsorption selectivity experiments of montmorillonite, illite and kaolinite on heavy metal ions such as copper, lead, zinc, cadmium and chromium , the adsorption selectivity of three kinds of clay minerals to five heavy metal ions is obvious; the montmorillonite pair Chromium and copper have good selectivity; kaolinite and illite have good affinity for chromium and lead; and these three clay minerals have weak adsorption capacity for zinc.

Chen Ming et al. developed a soil remediation agent for chromium-lead-cadmium combined pollution, mercury pollution and lead-cadmium combined pollution using selective crystallization characteristics of selective adsorption and degradation of modified clay minerals. And its preparation method and method of use. In Beijing, Tianjin and Fujian, the field research of Chen Ming's research team was successful. Not long ago, after three times of rigorous review and international search and retrieval, these three selective soil remediation technologies have obtained national invention patents.

4. What is the prospect of non-metallic mineral functional materials in the soil remediation market?

The Building Materials Industry Development Plan (2016-2020) clearly states that it is important to develop mineral functional materials based on non-metallic minerals for environmental protection. Development of bentonite and kaolin adsorbent materials for environmental protection, sepiolite soil improvers, attapulgite clay soil improvement and repair materials.

The urgency and importance of heavy metal pollution in the soil, as well as the support of national environmental protection, building materials and other related policies, will be an opportunity for the development of non-metallic mineral functional materials.

Non-metallic minerals such as kaolin, bentonite, sepiolite and attapulgite clay are used to selectively adsorb heavy metals in the soil, and to restore the land while achieving “suppression and benefit”, which is another study on the comprehensive utilization of non-metallic mineral resources. And the direction of development.

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