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On May 27, the State Grid Corporation of China held a press conference to open the "Distributed Power Grid Connection Project and Electric Vehicle Charging and Substation Facility Market" in Beijing. This move was hailed as a key step for the State Grid to open up a mixed ownership reform. At the same time, the entry of private capital also indicates that the upsurge of new charging infrastructure construction is approaching.
“The power grid has opened up the field of infrastructure construction and will surely promote the popularization of electric vehicles and the construction of supporting facilities. This will be beneficial to BYD’s promotion of new energy vehicles, and it will also allow consumers to charge more easily and quickly.†BYD official replied to the written report of Times Weekly. Said during the interview.
According to the national plan, the scale of electric vehicle charging stations will reach 4,000 during 2011-2015, and the construction of charging piles will be vigorously promoted. By 2016-2020, the goal of building charging stations for the State Grid will reach 10,000, and a complete set will be formed by that time. Electric car charging network. However, according to relevant data, as of the end of 2013, the State Grid Corporation of China built 400 charging and replacing stations and 19,000 charging piles. Obviously this only completed 1/10 of the target.
With the advent of the charging pile construction boom, the need to unify the interface standards for charging piles on the other side has also become increasingly prominent. As of now, many owners of electric vehicles in the country have complained that their cars cannot use local public charging piles for charging. In reality, the contradictions in reality have led to a loss in the domestic batch of charging stations due to low long-term utilization.
Charging pile construction "fully open"
At the press conference on May 27, State Grid News spokesman Wang Yanfang said that the State Grid will fully open the distributed power grid connection project, as well as the slow charging, fast charging and other types of electric vehicle charging and replacement facilities market. In other words, the State Grid will introduce social investment to participate in the construction of electric vehicle charging and replacing facilities.
As early as this year's two sessions, Liu Zhenya, chairman of the State Grid Corporation of China, publicly claimed to the media: “The charging and replacement facilities for charging electric vehicles will be fully open to the society. Whoever wants to invest and who has money to invest will be cast."
Since the beginning of this year, with the country’s increasing support for new energy vehicles, an upsurge of infrastructure construction for charging piles has started throughout the country. On February 26th, Beijing announced that it will build a large-scale charging station for new energy vehicles. It will build an average service radius of 5 kilometers in the central city; Tianjin also announced that it will build 6,700 charging piles or charging interfaces, and build 66 new ones. Hefei is trying to build a new residential "standard" charging pile; Shanghai also said that the number of charging piles will exceed 6,000 in 2015; Chengdu will invest nearly 500 million to create "10-minute circle" for electric vehicle charging and replacement; Nanchang It is planned to build 110 pure electric vehicle charging piles; Lanzhou Electric Vehicle Charging Station has begun to select sites; 82 charging piles will be located in commercial areas...
According to the plan, the State Grid will build 65 more charging stations and 3,000 charging piles in the first half of 2014.
According to the documents previously released by the Ministry of Science and Technology, the National Development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of Finance, and the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, the supporting infrastructure for new energy vehicles must be constructed in the residential district parking spaces or workplace parking spaces. The charging piles and new energy vehicles must not be lower than the charging ratio. 1:1. In addition, dedicated parking spaces and charging posts are also provided in government offices, shopping malls, hospitals and other public facilities and social public parking lots.
According to data from China Automobile Association, a total of 17,642 new energy vehicles were sold in China last year, an increase of 37.9% year-on-year, of which sales of pure electric vehicles were 14,604, and hybrid vehicles were 3,038. From this point of view, although the current ratio of charging piles to electric vehicles in China is not less than 1:1, why is the promotion process of electric vehicles in our country slower than expected?
Interface standards to be unified <br> <br> It is understood that the current domestic charging pile construction market there are two main lines: one private charging market, and second, public charging market. In the “Opinions on Doing a Good Job for Electric Vehicle Charging and Filling Services for Electric Vehicles†issued this time, it also explicitly supports the participation of social capital in the market of charging and changing facilities for various types of electric vehicles such as slow charging and fast charging. Personally self-built charging piles give discounts.
"If residents build their own charging piles, they need to meet the conditions for individuals to have a fixed parking space, residential property and other conditions, and build a self-constructed charging pile to enjoy a 5 kWh residential electricity price once." Shen Jianxin said.
Despite this, most consumers still feel that the move is facing a certain degree of difficulty, because it involves the interests of property management and other households in the community, and approval procedures are also relatively cumbersome. According to analysts from the industry, the charging piles belong to public facilities and involve multiple stakeholders. With large input and low output, it is actually more suitable for monopoly operations. The charging pile is similar to the base station in the telecommunications industry, and the investment cost is huge. Only by covering more users can the cost be effectively reduced.
According to media reports, at present, more than 400 charging stations built by the State Grid have barely made profits and are in a state of total loss. For example, the seven charging stations built and operated in Shenzhen have an annual loss of 13 million yuan. “At the moment, it is indeed a loss. The current charging stations are not profitable, but this does not mean that there is no solution. In fact, if the State Grid really uses these charging stations, it is to change the way of thinking. This kind of gameplay may be able to make profits.†Li Ruirui, manager of the National Semiconductor Nan Rui Electric Vehicle Marketing and Technical Support Region, told the Times Weekly reporter. However, according to the way in which the State Grid will use these charging stations in the future, Li Shurui said that the group is currently conceiving and cannot be announced.
“In fact, the problem of installing personal charging stations in the community is better solved. For example, if 10%-15% of the vehicles in the community are electric vehicles, then we can install charging posts in the 10% parking space in the community. The problem of charging the car will be solved," Li Xiaorui told the Times Weekly reporter. “And the State Grid is also developing a software that allows users to see if the charging station is occupied on the phone.â€
Another real problem is that the "difficult to charge" problem still plagues many electric vehicle owners. Taking Beijing as an example, due to the small number of private charging piles, many vehicle owners can only recharge public utility charging stations such as Beidian University, Qingda University, and Science and Technology Commission. Some car owners have even encountered the embarrassment that the charging interface cannot match with the charging pile. A Beijing-based BYD E6 owner complained to Times Weekly that his car could not be charged using the State Grid's charging pile. Although the problem has now been solved, some problems still exist in the use of the public charging points of the State Grid.
“There are two kinds of interfaces described in the national standard for charging piles, one is the AC interface, and the other is the DC interface. All cars are AC interfaces but not necessarily have DC interfaces. Because the car itself is more home, its own charging Time does not need to be fast, and the loss of the DC battery itself is still relatively large.†Li Xiaorui told the Times Weekly reporter that other companies’ current electric vehicles use DC fast charge, except for BYD’s Exchange fast charge. “Before there was a long period of time, BYD wanted to do its own thing to form its own system, but BYD finally compromised. Its current charging interface standard is in line with the national standard.â€
“At present, most of the AC charging plug interfaces in China are designed according to GB/T20234, and the interfaces are the same, but due to the different technical conditions of various manufacturers, there are many stalls in the charging pile current. The existing national standard low power and low current The characteristics make the charging speed of electric vehicles slow, so adapting to the development of the electric vehicle industry and revising the national standard as soon as possible is the fundamental way to solve this problem, BYD has jointly drafted new national standards with major car companies and grid companies, and now the relevant national departments It is under review and is expected to be released soon.†Official BYD said in response to the reporter’s question.
"Actually, DC charging is not so detailed in the current national standard, so that every car company has a different understanding of this standard. For example, if a company is targeting a particular model in a city, then when it is charging, It is easier to serve, but as Beijing has more models, it has caused every company to be different. Now the national standard is being revised. It is expected that it will come out in the next two years, said Li Ruiru.
"Let Tesla adapt to the standards of the State Grid"
Tesla, who once had contact with the State Grid, also ended up with the cooperation between the interface standards and the State Grid.
"If Tesla wants to force its standards in the Chinese market, it is unfair to other car companies." Li Shurui said that the State Grid has already prepared for Tesla's entry. In Tesla’s vision, the supercharged stations it builds will be spread all over China’s expressways, just like in the United States, but this “ambitious†plan is currently facing many difficulties.
According to the State Grid's own plan, by the end of June 2014, the construction of the charging station along the Beijing-Shanghai high-speed line was completed; at the end of August 2014, the construction of charging stations along the Beijing-Hong Kong-Macau and the Qingyin Expressway was completed. At the same time, the tender announcement issued by the State Grid has also clearly stated that the bidder must have a 120kW DC charger test report issued by a product inspection and inspection agency approved by the state. It does not accept the agency's bid, and the equipment needs to be available at the end of June. The delivery is completed in early August.
"Since the State Grid has thrown an olive branch to Tesla, why did Tesla not accept it? Especially we have built a 120kW charging pile along the highway." Li Shurui said Tesla (charging) also has There are two kinds of DC and AC. This is one of the reasons why the State Grid will implement a 120kW charging pile on the Beijing-Shanghai high-speed road. Actually, it is to provide conditions for Tesla to enter, and it is for Tesla to adapt to this standard. This is fair for many car companies. "Of course we also hope that Tesla can cooperate with the national grid for a long time."
According to the “Energy Conservation and New Energy Vehicle Industry Development Plan (2012-2020)â€, by 2015, the cumulative production and sales volume of pure electric vehicles and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles will strive to reach 500,000 vehicles; by 2020, pure electric vehicles will be The plug-in hybrid vehicle has a production capacity of 2 million vehicles and a cumulative production and sales volume of more than 5 million. If this goal is followed, Wang Yanfang stated that it is expected that by 2020, the total investment in the domestic electric vehicle swapping and charging facility market will be nearly 200 billion yuan.
As the future “gas station†for electric vehicles, the demand for charging stations will be higher and more intensive than that of gas stations, and it also stimulates the expectations of many companies for the charging pile industry. After solving the common technology platform and public policy platform, what kind of prospects and expectations for the new energy automobile industry in China will emerge from the explosion of the charging pile industry?
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