Automobile precision parts processing 7 technology introduction

There are more than 10,000 precision parts of a car, and its parts are divided into two parts: frame, exterior plate, chassis, engine, interior, glass, tyre, etc.Every parts by different process molding, to assemble in the car, mold accessories manufacturers today changsha borun embellish together with you to get to know the car parts processing 7 big craft. 1. casting Casting is the casting of molten metal into the cast cavity, cooling solidification and obtaining the production method. In the process of automobile manufacture, there are a lot of parts is made of cast iron blank which accounts for about 10% of whole vehicle weight around, such as cylinder block, transmission box, steering gear housing, rear axle shell, brake drum, all kinds of stents, etc. Cast iron is usually made of sand.The sand - type material is mainly sand, and is mixed with binder, water and so on.The sand type material must have a certain adhesive strength, so that it can be molded into the desired shape and can resist the hot iron water erosion without collapse.In order to shape the cavity in the sand mold to fit the casting shape, the model must be made of wood, which is called wood mould.The size of the hot molten iron will be reduced after cooling. Therefore, the size of the wood mould needs to be enlarged on the basis of the original size of the casting, and the surface of the cutting process needs to be thickened accordingly. Hollow castings need to be made of sand cores and corresponding cores (core boxes).With the wood mold, you can turn the cavity sand mold (casting is also known as "turning sand").When making sand, consider how to separate the upper and lower sand boxes to remove the wood mold, and consider where the molten iron is flowing in, and how to fill the cavity to get high-quality castings.After the sand mold is made, it can be poured, which is to pour molten iron into the sand type cavity.When pouring, the iron water temperature is 1250-1350 degrees, and the temperature is higher when smelting. 2. forging The forging process is widely used in automobile manufacturing.Forging is divided into free forging and model forging.Free forging is the process of forming a metal blank on an anvil to withstand shock or pressure.The blank of the gears and shafts of a car is processed by means of free forging. Model forging is the process of forming the metal billet in the mold chamber of the forging die, bearing the impact or pressure.Model forging is a bit like the process of the dough being pressed into the shape of a cookie in the mold.Compared with free forging, the workpiece produced by die forging is more complex and more accurate.Typical examples of automobile die forging are: engine connecting rod and crankshaft, automobile front axle, steering knuckle, etc. 3. Cold stamping Cold stamping or sheet metal stamping is the process of cutting off or forming the metal sheet under pressure in the die. Daily necessities, such as aluminum pot, lunch box, washbasin and so on are made by cold pressing processing method.Making lunch box, for example, you first need to cut out a rectangle with four rounded corners of billet (expert, called "blanking"), then the billet with a punch press into the die and forming (expert called the "drawing").In the deep drawing process, the sheet of the plane is turned into a box, and its 4 edges are curved upward, and the materials on the four corners are piled up and the wrinkles are visible. The parts with cold stamping are: engine oil sump, brake floor, car frame and most body parts.These parts are usually made by blanking, punching, drawing, bending, turning, trimming and so on.In order to make cold stamping parts, the stamping die must be prepared.The die is usually divided into two pieces, one of which is mounted on top of the press and can slide up and down, while the other is mounted under the pressing bed and fixed.During the production, the blank is placed between two punch dies. When the upper and lower mold is closed, the stamping process is completed.Stamping processing is highly productive and can produce parts with complex shapes and high precision. 4. welding Welding is the process of heating or pressing the two pieces of metal together. We common workers in one hand and a mask, and the other in one hand and the wire connected to the electrode holder and electrode welding method called manual electric arc welding, which is generated by arc discharge of high temperature melting welding rod and welding pieces, joint. Manual arc welding is not widely used in automobile manufacturing.The most widely used in automobile body manufacture is spot welding.Spot welding is suitable for welding of thin steel plate, when operating, add 2 to 2 steel plate electrode pressure to stick a merger and joint point (5-6 diameter circular) electricity melt flow heating and strong joint.When two body parts are welded, the edges are welded to one point every 50 to 100 pieces, making the two parts to form discontinuous multi-point connections.Welding the entire car body usually requires a thousand solders.The strength of solder joints is very high, and each solder can withstand 5kN tension, even tearing the steel plate, still can not separate the solder site. Common gas welding in the repair shop is made of acetylene burning with oxygen to produce a high temperature flame, which melts the electrode and the welding parts.You can also use this high temperature flame to cut the metal, which is called gas cutting.The application of gas welding and gas cutting is more flexible, but the thermal influence zone of gas welding is larger, which causes the deformation of welding parts and the change of metallographic structure.Therefore, gas welding is seldom used in automobile manufacturing. 5. About metal cutting. Metal cutting is used to cut the metal blank layer by layer.The workpiece is machined for the desired shape, size and surface roughness.Metal cutting includes two methods: fitter and machining. The fitter is a method of machining by hand tools, which is flexible and easy to operate and widely used in assembly and repair.Machining is done by means of machine tools, including: car, plane, milling, drilling and grinding. 1). turning Turning is the process of machining workpiece on lathe.The lathe is suitable for cutting various rotating surfaces, such as inner, outer cylinder or conical surface, and can also be used for turning the end face.Many of the shaft parts of the car and the gear blank are machined on the lathe. 2). planing Planing is the process of machining the workpiece with a planer.Planer is suitable for machining horizontal plane, vertical plane, inclined plane and groove etc.The cylinder block and cylinder head of the car are processed by planer, with the surface of the cylinder, the box body of the transmission and the plane of the cover. 3), milling Milling is the process of milling the workpiece on the milling machine.Milling machines can be used to process all kinds of automobile parts, such as inclined plane, groove, and even old milling machine, such as gears and curved surfaces.Automobile body cold stamping die is used for milling.CNC milling machine can be machined with complex shape and is the main machine tool for modern machining. 4). drilling and boring. Drilling and boring are the main cutting methods for machining holes. 5). grinding Grinding is the process of grinding the workpiece with grinding wheel on the grinder.Grinding is a kind of finishing method, which can obtain high precision and roughness workpiece, and can grind the workpiece with high hardness.Some of the car parts after heat treatment are processed with grinding machines. 6. Heat treatment Heat treatment is to reheat, heat or cool solid steel to change its organizational structure to meet the use requirements or process requirements of the parts.The temperature of the heating, the length of the heat preservation time and the speed of the cooling speed can make the steel produce different tissue changes.The blacksmith immerses the heated steel in the water for rapid cooling (known as quenching), which increases the hardness of the steel, which is an example of heat treatment. The heat treatment process includes annealing, normalizing, quenching and tempering.Annealing is to heat the steel parts and keep them warm for a certain period of time. Then, with the furnace, it will slowly cool down to obtain a finer and even structure and reduce the hardness to facilitate the cutting process. The normalizing is to heat the steel parts, remove them from the furnace, and then cool them in the air, which is suitable for refining the low carbon steel.Quenching is to heat the steel, heat it in the water or quickly cool it in the oil to improve the hardness. Tempering is usually the following process of quenching, reheating steel parts after quenching, cooling after heat preservation, stabilizing the tissue and eliminating brittleness. There are a lot of auto parts, which should not only retain the toughness of the heart, but also change the surface structure to improve the hardness, so it is necessary to adopt the heat treatment technology such as high frequency quenching or carburizing and cyanidation. 7. assembly Assembly is according to certain requirements, with connection parts ( Bolts , nuts, pins, or card buckle, etc.) the mutual connection and combination of all kinds of accessories into parts, and the various components are connected and assembled into the vehicle. Whether the parts are assembled into parts or assembled into a vehicle, they must meet the requirements of the design drawing to meet the required performance of the parts or vehicles.For example, when the transmission is assembled to the clutch housing, the center line of the transmission input shaft must be aligned with the center line of the engine crankshaft.This approach to the centre is not regulated by assembly workers (fitters) but by design and fabrication. If you visit a car factory, the most popular is the general assembly line.On this general assembly line, every few minutes, we drive off a car.Take the automobile general assembly line of China faw as an example.This assembly line is a 165 m long transmission chain, cars as transport chain moving to each workstation and gradually put into, around the engine and transmission of catenary assembly, cab assembly, wheel assembly continuously from the workshop to the corresponding location on the assembly line. In transmission chain of the starting position of the frame (bottom) is put first, and then driving axle assembly (including leaf spring and wheel) and front axle assembly (including leaf spring, steering knuckle, and hub) installed on the frame, and then install the frame to turn it over to steering gear, air storage tank, and the brake pipe, tank and oil pipe, electrical, and wheels, and the final installation engine assembly (including the clutch, transmission, and the central brake), connected to the shaft, then install the cockpit and the front panel parts, etc.At this point, the car can drive off the assembly line. NITONI, As a China Precision Mold Parts , Mould Components, Core pin , Ejector pin , Mold punch , Mold Components , Non-standard Precision Parts, Plastic mold parts, press die Mold parts , manufactur and supplier,At present, The mould accessories products are mainly divided into Non-standard mold parts, Plastic mould parts, Press die mold parts, Die Springs , welcome to understand the customization.

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