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Water is a common and finite resource for all of us. The water in the atmosphere turns rainwater into the earth's surface. Some of it evaporates or infiltrates into the earth, while most of it escapes into rivers and flows to the sea. It returns to the atmosphere through rivers, seas, rivers and lakes to form a complete natural water circulation system. During this cycle, the water used by mankind is polluted, and the polluted water can be returned to nature's water circulation system only after it has been treated and purified. Therefore, the role of wastewater treatment is extremely important. It is an essential and essential part of protecting the human water environment, providing a comfortable living space and being an effective resource. The following analysis of the impact of urban sewage treatment system design and technical issues.
1 urban sewage treatment project design of the key issues
1.1 sewage pipe network design
Urban sewage pipe network responsible for the collection and transport of urban sewage is connected to the source of sewage and sewage treatment plant an important and indispensable link. Generally speaking, any new urban area, town, or expansion of new sewage treatment projects should adopt a diversion system. In the old urban areas and small towns where the combined drainage system has been constructed, the direct-draft direct-draining drainage system should be transformed into Closure type confluence system; In the areas with scarce rainfall, such as some areas in the northwestern part of China or remote small towns and cities, due to the small scale of sewage treatment, the narrow streets, the intensive construction on both sides and the complicated construction, the unconventional construction of the diversion drainage system may also consider the merging Drainage system. It is worth noting that when the cutoff multiplier is large, the difference between the sewer volume in the dry season and the rainy season is large, and the influent water quantity and water quality of the WWTP fluctuate accordingly, resulting in impact load. Therefore, in the process design of the WWTP and Design parameters should be selected when the water, water quality changes necessary analysis and verification to ensure that the treatment plant effluent standards.
1.2 landfill leachate on the impact of sewage treatment plants
Some domestic cities, especially small and medium-sized towns and cities, often dispose of landfill leachate directly or without treatment directly into urban sewage treatment plants when the size of the waste treatment is small and close to urban sewage treatment plants. In this case, when designing a municipal wastewater treatment plant, great attention must be paid to the water quality changes brought to the treatment plant due to the infiltration of high-concentration waste water from landfill leachate. The smaller the scale of the treatment plant, the greater the impact. The greater the ratio of the leachate treatment capacity to the WWTP treatment, the greater the impact on the selection of design parameters, equipment selection, construction cost and running cost.
1.3 deodorant technology
With the improvement of environmental quality requirements and the development of sewage treatment technology in our country, the design of sewage treatment plants and the consideration of deodorization facilities have been mentioned in the agenda. Deodorant methods commonly used activated carbon adsorption, chemical absorption, soil and biological method. Due to the low efficiency and high price of high-concentration odor removal by the activated carbon adsorption method, the low efficiency of odor removal by chemical agent absorption method and the complicated operation and management, the soil law is suitable for the removal of low-concentration odor and the large area occupied by the odor, Biological deodorant method, that the use of microorganisms deodorant. The method is suitable for removal of various odor concentrations, and has the advantages of high efficiency, no secondary pollution and low operating cost. Therefore, it is more economical and reasonable to adopt biological deodorization in our country.
2 key technologies affecting urban sewage treatment system
Urban sewage is biodegradable neutral sewage treatment technology requirements are not too complicated, and urban sewage treatment technology program is the key factor in the selection of aeration technology.
2.1 aeration technology important position
The main pollutants in urban sewage are basically substances that are easily decomposed by microorganisms. In urban sewage treatment technology program, the use of aerated aerated culture of microorganisms on the decomposition of organic pollutants, the basic principle is the same. In general, the process of primary sinking, aeration, sinking, backflow or discharge is adopted. In recent years, there has also been a three-in-one intermittent aeration process of aeration, sedimentation, backflow or discharge.