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1. Sodium hydroxide decomposition
The process by which sodium hydroxide decomposes the monazite rare earth concentrate into the ground in a circular decomposition tank with a steel sheet rolled and a vapor-heated interlayer. In industrial production, the decomposition process can be carried out in a batch mode or in a continuous mode. The batch mode means that the feed-decomposition-discharging process is carried out in a decomposition tank, and the continuous process is carried out in several decomposition tanks connected in series. In contrast, the continuous mode has the advantages of large production capacity, high decomposition rate of rare earth and strontium , and convenient operation.
Process conditions for sodium hydroxide decomposition:
Concentrate size - 320 mesh ≥ 99%, of which -360 mesh ≥ 95%;
Concentrate water containing 26% to 30%;
Mineral to alkali ratio 1: (0.95 ~ 1);
The alkali concentration is 45% to 50%;
Reaction temperature 135 ~ 140 ° C;
Reaction time 8~12h;
The alkali decomposition rate REO ≥ 95%, ThO 2 ≥ 98%, and U 3 O 8 ≥ 98%.
Second, washing
The alkali decomposition base slurry (hydroxide precipitation) is completed in a circular tank provided with a stirring system steel, and a countercurrent washing method can be employed for the purpose of recovering alkali and saving water.
The process conditions and requirements for washing are:
Base to water ratio ratio 1: (4 ~ 5)
Washing temperature > 90 ° C;
Washing end control conditions Washing water pH 7-8, P2O5 <1.2g/L.
Third, hydrochloric acid soluble
The hydrochloric acid is preferably dissolved in a container made of glass fiber reinforced plastic having a stirring function. The process conditions and requirements are as follows:
Acid solution reaction temperature 80 ~ 95 ° C;
The total dissolved reaction pH is 2.0 to 2.5;
The pH of the solution is 4.0 to 4.5.
Fourth, the rare earth chloride solution deionization process conditions and requirements
Reaction temperature 80 to 90 ° C;
Adding order First, add ammonium sulfate solution, then add barium chloride solution;
Stirring time, adding cesium chloride, stirring for 10 min, adding polyacrylamide and stirring for 2 min;
Rare earth chloride solution requires REO≥160g/L, SO 4 2 - /REO≤0.03%, and radioactive intensity ≤3.7×10 4 Bq/L.
5. Evaporation and concentration to prepare crystalline rare earth chloride
The evaporation concentration process is carried out in a steam jacketed heating chamber and an enamel-lined evaporation tank. The technical parameters of the evaporation process are as follows:
The vacuum inside the tank is 6×104Pa;
Evaporation temperature 108 ~ 115 ° C;
Steam pressure 0.3~0.4MPa;
REO ≥ 45% in crystalline rare earth chloride.
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