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Aluminum is the most abundant crust metal element, since the 1950s, the aluminum become beyond copper metal after consumption of elemental iron, the main raw material for the preparation of alumina by a diaspore, Bauxite composed of boehmite or gibbsite [1-3]. There is a large amount of bauxite resources in southwestern China, but due to the high sulfur content in bauxite, resources have not been effectively utilized. With the development of China's aluminum industry, there is less and less bauxite resources with high aluminum to silicon ratio. It is especially important to develop and utilize bauxite with higher sulfur content [4-7]. To this end, a desulfurization test study was conducted on a sulfur-bearing bauxite mine in southwest China.
First, the nature of the ore
The process mineralogy of a bauxite mine in southwest China, the chemical analysis results of the main elements in the ore are shown in Table 1.
It can be seen from Table 1 that the content of silicon in the ore is higher, the ratio of aluminum to silicon (A/S) is lower, and the content of impurity elements Fe 2 O 3 , TiO 2 and sulfur in the ore is higher. Since the ore is desulfurized, the remaining impurities can meet the requirements of the current alumina production process, so only the desulfurization test is carried out.
The aluminum mineral in the ore is mainly composed of diaspore, boehmite, gibbsite and aluminum gel; the silicon-containing gangue mineral is mainly composed of kaolinite, chlorite and illite; the sulfide mineral is mainly composed of pyrite, marcasite, chalcopyrite, galena composition; mainly goethite iron minerals, water, goethite, siderite, hematite composition; titanium minerals mainly from anatase, rutile composition In addition, there are a small number of gangue minerals such as tourmaline , zircon , quartz , epidote, vermiculite and calcite .
Pyrite and pyrite are the most important sulfide minerals in ore, mainly in the form of plaques, tuberculosis, irregular granules, rings, and fine granules. Part of the pyrite is crushed into particulate inclusions in the gangue minerals. There is also a small amount of pyrite that is unevenly distributed in the gangue minerals in the form of fine particles. In addition, a small amount of pyrite is filled along the crevice minerals into a vein-like, fine vein-like distribution. In the pyrite, there are often fine-grained inclusions of minerals such as rutile and zircon. The particle size of pyrite is 10 to 300 μm, of which +74 μm accounts for 65.52%, and the particle size is less than 10 μm, accounting for 4.67%.
Second, the beneficiation test
The sulfur-bearing mineral t in the bauxite is pyrite and pyrite, and the flotation process of the mine is tested.
(1) pH condition test
The natural pH of the ore slurry is 5.80, the pH value of the slurry is added with sodium carbonate, the collector is butyl xanthate, the dosage is 50g/t, the foaming agent is BK201, and the dosage is 60g/t. The pH condition test results are shown in Figure 1.
Figure 1 shows that desulfurization is optimal when the natural pH of the slurry is 5.80, and the addition of sodium carbonate is detrimental to desulfurization.
(2) Inhibitor condition test
The natural pH of the slurry is 5.80, the collector is butyl xanthate, the dosage is 50g/t, the foaming agent is BK201, and the dosage is 60g/t. The test results of the inhibitor BK313 condition are shown in Fig. 2.
Figure 2 shows that the effect of inhibitor BK313 on desulfurization is obvious. With the increase of BK313 dosage, the desulfurization rate of tailings increases rapidly. When the dosage is 360g/t, the recovery rate of sulfur in sulfur concentrate reaches the highest. After desulfurization The tailings can be reduced to 0.43% by a rough selection of sulfur. The recovery rate of sulfur in the increased amount of sulfur concentrate has a downward trend. Therefore, the optimum amount of inhibitor BK313 is 360g/t.
(3) Test conditions for the amount of collector
The natural pH of the pulp is 5.80, the amount of the foaming agent BK201 is 60g/t, the amount of the inhibitor BK313 is 360g/t, and the test results of the collector dosage condition are shown in Fig. 3.
The optimum test results can be obtained at a dosage of 50-70 g/t, and the amount of the collector is determined to be 50 g/t.
(4) Test conditions for the dosage of foaming agent
The natural pH value of the pulp is 5.80, the dosage of the collector butyl yellow is 50g/t, the amount of the adjusting agent BK313 is 360g/t, and the test result of the foaming agent dosage condition is shown in Fig. 4.
The results in Figure 4 show that with the increase of the amount of foaming agent, the sulfur recovery rate of sulfur concentrate increases. When the dosage is 60g/t, the tailings sulfur grade drops to 0.55%, and then the dosage is increased. The tailings sulfur grade remains unchanged. The recovery rate of concentrate sulfur is small. Therefore, the amount of the foaming agent was set to 60 g/t.
(5) Grinding fineness condition test
After the completion of the above various conditions test, under the optimal conditions, the grinding fineness test of desulfurization was carried out, and the test results are shown in Fig. 5.
The fineness of desulfurization grinding should not be too fine. When the grinding fineness is more than 75%-74 m, the sulfur content of the desulfurization tailings tends to increase, and the sulfur concentrate grade and sulfur recovery rate increase with the fineness of grinding. Downtrend. According to the contract requirements (the sulfur content of the desiliconized concentrate is less than 0.50%) and the conditions of the next flotation desiliconization process, the optimum desulfurization grinding fineness (rough grinding fineness) should be between 65% and 75%-74μm. (The sulfur content of the desulfurization tailings is less than 0.40%), and the coarse grinding fineness can be changed according to the change of the desiliconization process.
(6) Desulfurization flotation open circuit test
On the basis of the conditional test, a full open desulfurization flotation test was carried out according to the flow and conditions shown in Fig. 6. The test results are shown in Table 2.
The open circuit test results show that under one sweeping condition, 0.29% sulfur desulfurization tailings can be obtained. The sulfur crude concentrate can be obtained by a selection of sulfuric acid with a sulfur content of 34.87%, and the loss rate of A12O3 in the sulfur concentrate is 0.56%.
(VII) Desulfurization flotation closed circuit test
A closed circuit test was performed according to the flow of Figure 7. The test results are shown in Table 3.
The selection index of the aluminum concentrate silicon-to-silicon ratio 4.18, A1 2 O 3 recovery rate is 96.57%, and the sulfur content is 0.37%, which meets the alumina production requirements.
Third, the conclusion
Sulfur-containing ore minerals pyrite and marcasite small amount, desulfurization floating mineral slurry is acidic pulp, a natural pH of 5 to 6, by a roughing, and a selection of a scavenger, to aluminum The sulfur content in the concentrate is reduced to 0.37%, which satisfies the requirement that the sulfur content of the aluminum concentrate is less than 0.5%.
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